Compare Western Sahara (2008) - San Marino (2003)

Compare Western Sahara (2008) z San Marino (2003)

	Western Sahara (2008)	San Marino (2003)

Administrative divisions	none (under de facto control of Morocco)	9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle
Age structure	0-14 years: 45.4% (male 88,176/female 85,421) 15-64 years: 52.3% (male 98,345/female 101,895) 65 years and over: 2.3% (male 3,705/female 5,075) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 16.3% (male 2,364; female 2,220) 15-64 years: 67.1% (male 9,149; female 9,731) 65 years and over: 16.6% (male 2,009; female 2,646) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	fruits and vegetables (grown in the few oases); camels, sheep, goats (kept by nomads); fish	wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Airports	9 (2007)	none (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2007)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	-
Area	total: 266,000 sq km land: 266,000 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 61.2 sq km land: 61.2 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about the size of Colorado	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Morocco virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 UN-brokered cease-fire; a UN-organized referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed. In April 2007, Morocco presented an autonomy plan for the territory to the UN, which the U.S. considers serious and credible. The Polisario also presented a plan to the UN in 2007. Since August 2007, representatives from the Government of Morocco and the Polisario Front have met three times to negotiate the status of Western Sahara, with a fourth round of negotiations planned for March 2008.	The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
Birth rate	NA 39.95 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	10.49 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA	revenues: $400 million expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital	none time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	San Marino
Climate	hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew	Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Coastline	1,110 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	-	8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Western Sahara former: Spanish Sahara	conventional long form: Republic of San Marino conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino
Currency	-	euro (EUR)
Death rate	NA	7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Diplomatic representation from the US	none	the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino
Diplomatic representation in the US	none	San Marino does not have an embassy in the US honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC and New York honorary consulate(s): Detroit and Honolulu
Disputes - international	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, whose sovereignty remains unresolved; UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991, administered by the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO), but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties thus far have rejected all brokered proposals; several states have extended diplomatic relations to the "Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic" represented by the Polisario Front in exile in Algeria, while others recognize Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara; most of the approximately 102,000 Sahrawi refugees are sheltered in camps in Tindouf, Algeria	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$NA
Economy - overview	Western Sahara depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. The territory lacks sufficient rainfall for sustainable agricultural production, and most of the food for the urban population must be imported. Incomes in Western Sahara are substantially below the Moroccan level. The Moroccan Government controls all trade and other economic activities in Western Sahara. Morocco and the EU signed a four-year agreement in July 2006 allowing European vessels to fish off the coast of Morocco, including the disputed waters off the coast of Western Sahara. Moroccan energy interests in 2001 signed contracts to explore for oil off the coast of Western Sahara, which has angered the Polisario. However, in 2006 the Polisario awarded similar exploration licenses in the disputed territory, which would come into force if Morocco and the Polisario resolve their dispute over Western Sahara.	The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2000 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food.
Electricity - consumption	79.05 million kWh (2005)	NA (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh note: electric power supplied by Italy
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh note: electricity supplied by Italy
Electricity - production	85 million kWh (2005)	NA
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 41.18% hydro: 58.82% nuclear: 0% other: 0%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Sebjet Tah -55 m highest point: unnamed location 463 m	lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
Environment - current issues	sparse water and lack of arable land	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: none of the selected agreements signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Ethnic groups	Arab, Berber	Sammarinese, Italian
Exchange rates	Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 8.2827 (2007), 8.7722 (2006), 8.865 (2005), 8.868 (2004), 9.5744 (2003)	euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)
Executive branch	none	chief of state: cochiefs of state Captain Regent Giovanni LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Valeria CIAVATTA (for the period 1 October 2003-31 March 2004) head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 17 December 2002) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA September 2003 (next to be held NA March 2004); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 17 December 2002 (next to be held NA June 2007) election results: Giovanni LONFERNINI and Valeria CIAVATTA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - 40% note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some of the prerogatives of a prime minister
Exports	0 bbl/day (2004)	trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Exports - commodities	phosphates 62%	building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics
Exports - partners	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts (2006)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	-	two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $940 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: 40%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $34,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	7.5% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	24 30 N, 13 00 W	43 46 N, 12 25 E
Geography - note	the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas	landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
Highways	-	total: 220 km paved: 220 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	1,698 bbl/day (2004)	trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Imports - commodities	fuel for fishing fleet, foodstuffs	wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
Imports - partners	Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, so trade partners are included in overall Moroccan accounts (2006)	-
Independence	-	3 September 301
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	6% (1997 est.)
Industries	phosphate mining, handicrafts	tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 5.97 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.41 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	3.3% (2001)
International organization participation	none	CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Labor force	12,000	18,500 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 50% industry and services: 50%	services 57%, industry 42%, agriculture 1% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 2,046 km border countries: Algeria 42 km, Mauritania 1,561 km, Morocco 443 km	total: 39 km border countries: Italy 39 km
Land use	arable land: 0.02% permanent crops: 0% other: 99.98% (2005)	arable land: 16.67% permanent crops: 0% other: 83.33% (1998 est.)
Languages	Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic	Italian
Legal system	-	based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 10 June 2001 (next to be held by June 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 24.2%, PD 20.8%, APDS 8.2%, RC 3.4%, AN 1.9%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 15, PD 12, APDS 5, RC 2, AN 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 81.43 years male: 77.9 years female: 85.26 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 10 and over can read and write total population: 96% male: 97% female: 95% (1976 est.)
Location	Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco	Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Map references	Africa	Europe
Maritime claims	contingent upon resolution of sovereignty issue	none (landlocked)
Military branches	-	Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar), Gendarmerie; note - the Voluntary Military Force performs ceremonial duties and limited police assistance
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$700,000 (FY00/01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA%
National holiday	-	Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301)
Nationality	noun: Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s) adjective: Sahrawi, Sahrawian, Sahraouian	noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural) adjective: Sammarinese
Natural hazards	hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility	NA
Natural resources	phosphates, iron ore	building stone
Net migration rate	-	11.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [leader NA]; Party of Democrats or PD [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Giovanni LONFERNINI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	382,617 note: estimate is based on projections by age, sex, fertility, mortality, and migration; fertility and mortality are based on data from neighboring countries (July 2007 est.)	28,119 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	NA	1.38% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	none
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	-	0 km; note - there is a 1.5-km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore
Religions	Muslim	Roman Catholic
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: sparse and limited system domestic: NA international: country code - 212; tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and satellite; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) linked to Rabat, Morocco	general assessment: adequate connections domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system international: connected to Italian international network
Telephones - main lines in use	about 2,000 (1999 est.)	18,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1999)	3,010 (1998)
Television broadcast stations	NA	1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)
Terrain	mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast	rugged mountains
Total fertility rate	NA	1.31 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	2.6% (2001)
Waterways	-	none

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